Photograph of a Migrant Mother Essay Example For Students

Photo of a Migrant Mother Essay â€Å"Dorothea Lange was truly outstanding of the American picture takers who utilized their craft to report, and at last to ease, the human enduring brought about by the Great Depression of the 1930s. As she saw it, photography was not an end in itself, yet a methods for investigating the world in order to improve it. † Dorothea Lange caught the tough situations of one of these families during the battle of the Great Depression in her photo Migrant Mother. The photo shows a family in destitution, yet it additionally shows the assurance of a mother to put forth a valiant effort to think about her youngsters and to continue battling through the troublesome occasions. The title of the photo portrays the lady as a transient laborer. The photo was taken in 1936 during when numerous vagrant homestead laborers endured the debacle of the Dust Bowl. The photo is clearly yet there is a shaded form too. The highly contrasting form shows a great deal more feeling. There is quite a lot more spotlight on shadow and light rather than the interruption of all the various hues. The light source is by all accounts originating from before the mother. Her face is the lightest which makes her the principal thing we see when seeing this picture. The familys dress helps show their degree of salary during this time. The mother wears a dark shirt with removed sleeves. The child lies enclosed by a cover that is by all accounts grimy. The garments on different kids gives off an impression of being messy too. It likewise gives off an impression of being too huge for the kids. The mother and youngsters don't appear to have showered for some time; the soil around the babys mouth and the earth on the children’s hands bolster this significantly. The setting behind the family additionally shows their neediness level. They are transients so they likely didn’t have their very own place and give off an impression of being living in a tent. â€Å"I saw and moved toward the ravenous and frantic mother, as though drawn by a magnet. I don't recollect how I clarified my quality or my camera to her, yet I do recall that she asked me no inquiries. I made five exposures, working ever nearer from a similar heading. I didn't ask her name or her history. She revealed to me her age, that she was thirty-two. She said that they had been living on solidified vegetables from the encompassing fields, and winged animals that the youngsters executed. She had recently offered the tires from her vehicle to purchase food. There she sat in that shelter tent with her kids crouched around her, and appeared to realize that my photos may support her, thus she helped me. There was a kind of correspondence about it,† depicted Lange in a 1960 meeting. The mother in Lange’s photo is answerable for the endurance of her youngsters. The arrangement of the youngsters in the photo shows the mother’s significance without any problem. The mother is at the focal point of the photo representing she is the focal point of her family. Two of the kids are leaning against their mom while she is supporting the heaviness of them. The mother rests her baby delicately in her lap. She is looking straight ahead as though she is stating she won't abandon her youngsters or herself. This photo got one of the most well known symbols ever. Later was chosen as the image to represent the worry of the administration for uprooted ranchers (Rosenblum. ) Dorothea Lange’s Migrant Mother photo may appear to be a dismal picture since it shows a poor family that is attempting to endure, yet the photo additionally shows a mother’s assurance to endure troublesome occasions and to accommodate her family as well as can be expected during such a troublesome time. Photos like this assistance bolster the way that an image can merit a thousand words just as summon a thousand distinct feelings at the same time. .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 , .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .postImageUrl , .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 , .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:hover , .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:visited , .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:active { border:0!important; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:active , .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:hover { obscurity: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-beautification: underline; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-improvement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac91 8caff98946 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ua5dd00e928ff4c1fc0ac918caff98946:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Mother Teresa Essay PaperBibliography: Works Cited Dorothea Langes Migrant Mother Photographs in the Farm Security Administration Collection: An Overview. Prints and Photographs Reading Room. Prints and Photographs Division, n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.â . Investigating Contexts: Migrant Mother. American Women. American Women, n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2014.â . Dorothea Lange. Reference book of World Biography. 2004. Encyclopedia.com.

The Hepatitis B Virus and Vaccination Essay -- Exploratory Essays Rese

The Hepatitis B Virus and Vaccination  The hepatitis B infection (HBV) has a long history of being covered in riddle concerning its motivation and transmission and the treatment of its subsequent side effects and sicknesses. As more was found out about the infection in the principal half of this century, it came to be recognized to a great extent with gay people and intravenous medication clients. Because of its pervasiveness among such previously minimized citizenry, hepatitis B was seen as a profoundly disparaged infection and further research concerning HBV was not a top need in the United States. Be that as it may, these suppositions have changed fairly in the previous a very long while, due partially to the spread of HBV to a more extensive, non-derided, section of society. By concentrating more patients and giving more research vitality to HBV, the science of the infection is all the more unmistakably comprehended. This expanded organic information accommodated the improvement of an immunization against hepatitis B. With the coming of an immunization, hepatitis B has lost a lot of its criticism and, as a known and by and large preventable infection, is currently seen considerably more well by the clinical network. Contention concerning HBV stays as discussion about the adequacy, security, and need of the immunization, and this discussion is better comprehended through a comprehension of the historical backdrop of HBV, advancement of the inoculation, and perspectives towards both through time. The advancement of the HBV immunization has followed a genuinely clear and coherent way. It is accepted that HBV has been available in human populaces for a great many years, in light of on depictions of basic hepatitis B side effects in old writings (Blumberg, p. 402). In any case, since a large number of the mellow side effects of HBV are sha... ...cine is Life-Saving [Online]Available: http://www.hepnet.com/hepb/news012599.html [February 26, 1999]. Blumberg, Baruch. (1988) Hepatitis B Virus and the Carrier Problem in Social Research , vol. 55, no. 3; pp. 401-412. Lee, Samuel, M.D. (1997) Hepatitis Vaccination: Questions and Answers [Online]Available: http://www.hepnet.com/update11.html [February 26, 1999]. Muraskin, William. (1995) The War Against Hepatitis B . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:University of Pennsylvania Press. Murray, Rosenthal, Kobayashi, and Pfaller. (1998) Medical Microbiology, third Edition .St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby Publishing Co. pp. 526-532. Schumacher, Karin (Webmaster). (1999) Hepatitis B Vaccine Reaction Reports Outnumber Reported Disease Cases in Children According to Vaccine Safety Gathering [Online] Available: http://www.909shot.com/hepatitisb.htm [February 26, 1999].

How To Avoid Google SEO Penalties

How To Avoid Google SEO Penalties Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How To Avoid Google SEO PenaltiesUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : HBB Guest AuthorTopic : Featured SEOShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozdJCK CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogGoogle has set out a lot of guidelines to help people make their websites more search engine friendly. Making your website more search engine friendly is known as Search Engine Optimization (SEO). However, some people try to manipulate the search engine in order to have their website ranked higher on the search engine. Google cannot stop people from doing this, but what they can do is punish websites that try to employ such tactics.With this in mind, the people behind Google set up a bunch of rules. These rules revolve around the things you should not do when optimizing your website. If you try to manipulate the search engine then this is known as Black-Hat SEO. Here are some Black-Hat SEO techniques tha t you should avoid if you do not want to be punished by Google.Duplicating the content of other websitesThis involves plagiarizing the work of another website. If you take all (or part) of the content of another web page and place it on your web page, then that web page may be punished by Google. Google wants you to upload content that it unique/original. If you plagiarize the work of other people then you are breaking the law, and Google will start punishing websites.However, contrary to popular belief, it may not be the plagiarizers’ website that is punished. Sometimes the website that uploaded the content first is punished for being the duplicator. Few people understand what criteria Google uses when it punishes websites that duplicate content, but what is known for sure, is that if two web pages have the same content, then one of them is going to suffer.Spamming links onto comment sectionsThis can be done manually or with a spam bot. Most of the links will be blocked by the we bmaster or blog master, and others will be deleted after the fact. However, some of them are going to remain on comment sections and will act as backlinks for your website. However, as soon as Google realizes what you are doing, it will start to punish your website for it.READ3 Off-Page SEO Techniques Killed By Google PandaHiding pages on your websiteThis is done by installing JavaScript links, and can be done in order to hide Black-Hat activity from the search engine; such as a page that asks people to link to the website, or that offers payment for links to the website. Hiding a web page is known as cloaking a website page and will result in you being punished by Google.Spamming keywords onto your websiteThis involves putting keywords into the content of your page for no reason other than to optimize for the search engine. You could do this by putting nothing but keywords in the ALT text of your images, or by listing keywords on your content, or creating anchor text for links that is just made up of keywords.Cloaking keywords on a web pageThis is the act of hiding lists of keywords on your website by making the text the same color as the background of the web page. That way the reader cannot see the keywords but the search engine crawler can.Buying links from link farmsLink farms do not really exist anymore, but the idea is to buy links from a company. This is bad because Google want links to your website to be organic and not purchased. Therefore, Google will punish your website if it finds out that you have bought links from a company or a link farm. Google cannot stop people from selling links, but it can punish the websites that buy from them.

The United States Westward Expansion - 919 Words

Over the past centuries a few, small colonies became a thriving nation brimmed with promises of wealth and freedom. These aspects brought immigrants from around the world, all wanting a part of the American culture. The United States grew drastically and new land became available over time. This surge in population created the Manifest Destiny, the belief of expansion from sea to sea. The United States’ westward expansion was a wicked, but vital component during the 1800s that allowed the nation to exercise its power and prosper economically at the price of unfair manipulation towards Native Americans as well as a cruel game of tug of war with the lives of slaves. In order to promote expansion, the federal government needed a tactic that would allow everyone to easily migrate. The United States was able to grow even more due to the bills and acts that they passed. Through the Homestead Act, citizens or immigrants could apply and go through a three-step course that would allow them to claim one hundred sixty acres of land for free or for a small amount of money (The Homestead Act of 1863). The Preemption Acts of 1830s and 1840s and other earlier acts were also created in favor that citizens could acquire cheap land. During 1862, the Civil War was in effect and the issue of slavery was at its peak. The federal government wanted more people to have land without slaves. They achieved this goal by supporting new innovations and inventions. The government supplied railroad andShow MoreRelatedThe Westward Expansion Of The United States960 Words   |  4 PagesThe Westward expansion began for the United States with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. For $15 million dollars, President Thomas Jefferson purchased from France 828,000 square miles, including most of 14 current states, thus doubling the size of America. Jefferson now had the land, but how to populate it was another story. On a three year expedition, Lewis and Clark were sent by Jefferson to explore the lands to get a better understanding of the geography and resources of the West. During the 1830sRead MoreThe Westward Expansion Of The United States1144 Words   |  5 Pagesbranching and expansion.† That quote, once said by Stephen Jay Gould, can represent the Westward Expansion of the United States. In the early 1800s, the United States started trying to expand west. The U.S. acquired Florida, Texas, the Gadsden Territory, the Mexican Cession, the Oregon Territory, and the Louisiana Territory. All of those acquisitions helped evolve the United States into what it is today. Almost all of the land we own is from the Westward Expansion. Unfortunately, the United Sta tes were greedyRead MoreWestward Expansion Of The United States1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States began its life as a small nation consisting of only thirteen states. Over time the leaders of this county recognized that in order to prosper the nation would need to expand beyond the current set borders. Westward Expansion was the only solution, to adopt such a large endeavor meant that the population had to have a reason to migrate west. Expansion had appeal to the Southern land owners for the fact that the Missouri Compromise did not affect territories that were not part ofRead MoreWestward Expansion Of The United States1017 Words   |  5 PagesWestward expansion seemed perfectly natural to Americans in the mid-nineteenth century. Many settlers even believed that America, as a nation, was destined−by God himself− to expand westward. This ideology became known as the Manifest Destiny. Although many Americans thought it to be a kindly movement driven by pride, it continuously proved to be aggressive, racist, and imperialistic. Enthusiasm over territorial expansion began in 1803 when Napoleon decided to offer the United States the entireRead MoreWestward Expansion Of The United States1054 Words   |  5 Pages Westward Expansion in the United States created controversy about the admission of new states into the union. The first provision of the Westward Expansion was the Compromise of 1850. This compromise was designed to settle disputes among the North and South states about slavery expansion. Senator Henry Clay proposed that California be admitted as a free slave in a trade-off for tougher fugitive slave laws for runaways. As a part of the compromise of 1950, Congress also passed the Fugitive LawRead MoreWestward Expansion Of The United States1060 Words   |  5 PagesWestward expansion changed into the preference of the US to govern the territories of western components of the United States that had been either unclaimed or occupied by using other international locations. It is pertinent to comprehend that the us history became inspired with the aid of England in diverse methods. Within the second 1/2 of 18th century, the railroad which that turned into invented in England introduced a main effect in the USA enlargement to the West. Railroads originated fromRead MoreThe Impact Of Westward Expansion On The United States1571 Words   |  7 Pagesopened the door to westward expansion. Thomas Jefferson purchased this extensive plot of land with the hopes of strengthening and expanding the Republic, unaware that it would have the opposite effect. Jefferson’s fateful decision to expand the United States nearly destroyed the Republic that Americans worked so hard to build. It triggered the rise of divisions amongst Americans. These small cracks continued to grow and tear at the seams of the nation. Although westward expansion between 1800 and 1848Read MoreWestward Expansion and the Effects on the United States Essay1050 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: WESTWARD EXPANSION Westward Expansion and the Effects On the United States October 3, 2007 Abstract The Louisiana Purchase was the largest land deal in our history. It doubled the size of the United States and gave us a strong face as an economic power. It brought immigrants from all over the world for the idea of owning land and making a living for themselves. We also had a second expansion with the Adams-Onis treaty in 1819 (Davidson, 2002, p.p. 246-247) where weRead MoreEssay On Manifest Destiny1551 Words   |  7 PagesManifest Destiny was a widely spread belief that settlers in the United States should expand across North America. It was the belief that fueled the westward expansion. The westward expansion led to many other events in and around the United States. Before Manifest Destiny and the westward expansion the French and Indian War and Revolutionary War took place which allowed America to declare independence. Manifest Destiny was a big influence on the evolution of transport and technology. Before weRead MoreManifest Destiny1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe Evolution Of Transportation Manifest Destiny was a widely spread belief that settlers in the United States should expand across North America. It was the belief that fueled the westward expansion. The westward expansion led to many other events in and around the United States. Before Manifest Destiny and the westward expansion the French and Indian War and Revolutionary War took place which allowed America to declare independence. Manifest Destiny was a big influence on the evolution of transport

The Rising Chinese Divorce Rate

The rate of divorce for the Chinese is increasing at an alarming rate. An estimated 2.87 million Chinese marriages ended in divorce in 2012 alone, a number on the rise for the seventh year in a row as of that year. The upward trend has been the result of several factors, including Chinas famous one-child policy, new and easier divorce procedures, the growing population of white-collar females with high education and financial independence, and a general loosening of traditional conservative views (especially in urban areas). Comparing Chinas Divorce Rate With the World At first glance, Chinas national divorce rate doesnt seem worrisome at all. In fact, the United Nations Statistics Division reports that in 2007 only 1.6 out of 1000 marriages ended in divorce in China. However, in 1985, the divorce rate was a mere 0.4 out of 1000. By comparison, approximately 2.0 out of 1,000 marriages ended in divorce in Japan, while in Russia an average of 4.8 per 1,000 marriages ended in divorce in 2007. In 2008, the U.S. divorce rate was 5.2 per thousand, dramatically down from 7.9 in 1980. What is troublesome is the extremely rapid and seemingly exponential rise in divorce rates. To many, ​China appears to be on the brink of a social crisis in a society where divorce used to be an extreme rarity. The Me Generation Chinas famous one-child policy created a generation of sibling-less children. This policy is extremely controversial locally and worldwide and has been blamed for an increase in forced abortions, female infanticide, and a growing sex ratio imbalance. In addition to these serious concerns, the products of Chinas radical family planning policy (the post-1980s generation) is accused of being selfish, apathetic to the needs of others, and unwilling or incapable of compromise. All this is posited to be the result of growing up as a cherished and overly coddled only child without siblings to interact with. The combination of these personality traits in both spouses seems to be a major contributor to strife in many Chinese marriages. The post-1980s generation is also reportedly extremely impulsive. This impulsive attitude has been theorized to be one reason why Chinese couples today are falling in love very quickly, getting hastily married, and then filing for even hastier divorces. An increasing amount of couples get married and then divorced after only a few months, while in some extreme cases, couples are filing for divorce only a few hours after getting married. A Change in Procedure Others point fingers at a recent change in the divorce procedure as the culprit for the drastic rise in divorces. Originally, a couple seeking divorce was required to get a reference from either their employer or a community leader, a humiliating process that persuaded many to stay in a dead marriage. Now, this stipulation is no longer required and couples can quickly, easily, and privately file for divorce. Urban Social Change In large cities and other heavily urbanized areas, women have more opportunities than ever before. The standard of education of Chinese women has risen substantially, leading to more prospects for white-collar jobs and the ability to be financially independent. These young working women no longer need to depend on having a husband to support them, removing yet another barrier to getting a divorce. In fact, urban areas have the highest divorce rates in all of China. For example, in Beijing, 39 percent of marriages end in divorce, compared to the national rate of only 2.2 percent of marriages failing. Especially in urban areas, Chinese young adults are treating romantic relationships much more casually. For example, one-night stands are seen as more and more socially acceptable. Young couples are unafraid to fall hard and fast for each other, rushing into marriage with an almost whimsical attitude heavily laced with unrealistic expectations, leading to marital ​strife and possibly divorce. While Chinas divorce rate is still below those of many other countries, what is extremely disconcerting is the seemingly exponential rate at which the national divorce rate is growing. Many believe that divorce is becoming an epidemic in China.

Validity Of Change Brought Forth By The American Revolution

DBQ- Validity of Change Brought Forth by the American Revolution The American Revolution was a movement that brought forward drastic changes within American society, bringing into light new and controversial ideas of equality and freedom to the colonies. The tension between Britain and the colonies brewed as the English Congress, Parliament, began to pass laws and taxes on colonies’ goods, sparking uproars and protests reminiscing about the past rule over the colonies- salutary neglect and a desire to return to the unscrutinized type of British rule. The French and Indian War sent Britain spiraling into debt and in order to remedy the loss, Parliament began to tax colonists to pay back what was lost from the war. In essence, the colonies†¦show more content†¦With the development of the Ladies of Liberty in Document D, â€Å"colonial women played a significant role in the American Revolution†. They aided with the boycotting of British goods and participated in the movements of homespun clothing and non-importation. Colonial w omen would sew clothes for their families, out of cotton and wool to support the Revolution. As well as participating in these movements, women also began to gain confidence and power within themselves. In Document D, Abigail Adams writes to her husband recalling events witnessed that day involving the women of Massachusetts. After a rude, â€Å"stingy† merchant refuses to sell them coffee at an affordable price, â€Å"some hundred [women] assembled with a cart†¦marched down to the warehouse, and demanded [the merchant’s] keys†. After refusing, they â€Å"seized him by the neck, tossed him into the cart†, obtaining his keys as well as his gallons of coffee. They â€Å"hoisted† the coffee in their trunks and drove away leaving a crowd of men bewildered and shocked. While this document was targeted towards Abigail’s husband John Adams, he was a growing influence within American society, further solidifying the role of male domination. Her letter/ recollection of the scene only demonstrated the growing confidence and power within the community of colonial women at the time but in no way did the whiteShow MoreRelatedThe Great Awakening Of The 1730s1630 Words   |  7 PagesBirth, characterized by passional and experiential conversion. My analysis of the Great Awakening brings forth evidence that the New Lights espoused a revolutionary and nationalistic sentiment towards the bettering of American society against both the old colonial elite and the British Crown. The Great Awakening transcended social cleavages and altered the socio-religious structure of early American colonial society. Religion in early colonial society was a significant social force, the revivals alteredRead MoreThe Nature Of Philosophy On The Book Apology By Plato1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe debates they generated enlightened a lot of the Athenians of corruption and negligence conducted by the people in power. It is for this reason that the mighty people in the government ensured that they defeated Socrates before he stirred up a revolution against their system. This metaphor is considered a characteristic of philosophy because it fundamentally elaborates the basic thought behind philosophy as a discipline and a school of thought. Philosophy can be defined as the study of ideas toRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Writes The Farmer Refuted1713 Words   |  7 Pagescurrently enjoyed by those living under the rule of the King, Lords and Commons. To continue on the path suggested by the Continental Congress will lead to slavery under a republican Congress, slavery to rule by the mob. Seabury does state that Americans are, like all men, have a right to freedom, but only so far as it â€Å"is consistent with the security of civil society.† Hamilton uses The Farmer Refuted to express his beliefs on the law of nature and what is consistent with the security of civil societyRead MoreThe Most Memorable Take Away From Middle School History2024 Words   |  9 PagesEvery American student has heard, read, or written the quote, â€Å"Those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it† more times than they can remember. It is probably the most memorable take away from middle school history classes. It comes from a saying by 19th century philosopher George Santayana, who originally wrote, â€Å"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it† (Santayana 243). 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Walter Dill Scott, who was elected President of the American Psychological Association (APA) in 1919, was arguably the most prominent I-O psychologist of his time, although James McKeen Cattell (elected APA President in 1895) and Hugo Mà ¼nsterberg (1898) were influential in the early development of the fieldRead More Irvings American Progeny Essay2796 Words   |  12 PagesIrvings American Progeny Washington Irving had the unique opportunity of helping a new nation forge its own identity. America, fresh out of the revolution, looked for an author to take charge and create something that seemed to be missing from the newly born nation. He took this responsibility seriously and made a mythology that founded an American literary tradition. He took bits and pieces from the Old World and incorporated them into the New in such a manner that what he wrote appeared original

Case Study Analysis ACMA Organization-Free-Samples Myassignment

Question: You will be required to write a Formal Memorandum Communicating your analysis of the People Management Issues involved in the Case Study. Answer: Introduction Analyzing on the organization communication is extremely significant within an organization. To understand on the work as well as the organization in the current global environment, there is need to look at both at what exactly is taking place inside the organization and larger culture in which the business functions (Austin and Pinkleton, 2015). The aspect of communication enables the organization to commence a communication to develop awareness, comprehending along with appreciation the enterprise strategic goals, preferably which lead to the fulfillment of the needs of the business and the environment. Communication is a vital management component to any specific given organization. Regardless of whether the purpose is within updating on the workers new policies, or even listening to the attitude for the employees, effective communication is the essential problem in an effective management (Austin and Pinkleton, 2015). For ACMA to be successful they have to have a comprehensive p olicies along with approaches for communicating with its constituencies, the employees, stakeholders in addition to the community at large. Understanding on how to improve communication within ACMA business entails planning along with categorizing the needs of communication (Bloom, Garicano, Sadun and Van, 2014). This is a significant aspect which helps the flow throughout an establishment. In this report I will carry an analysis on how to improve internal communication across ACMA organization which has been an issue they have suffered over some time now. This has been one of the major issue which has affected on the way the management as well as employee communicate, there has been barriers between them and when it has been addressed fully they will be able to perform better on their functions (Broadbent, 2013). Efficient and a clear communication between the management and the employees is vital to a successful business. after all the employees are the best brand ambassadors, since they are the front line engaging with the customers, sharing your messages as well as helping the business to grow. For ACMA organization to establish a communication strategy, it is significant to have a strong grasp on the best practices for sharing information and also aligning on the goals on the organization wide level. Some of these best practices are not necessarily the be-all and the end-all of the internal comms, they are used as the guide for laying on the groundwork as well as understanding how the initial strategy will be able to scale alongside the growth of the company. Ways to improve communication in ACMA organization On the first thing when it comes on how to improve communication within this organization is to define and refine on the business goals (Bloom, Garicano, Sadun and Van, 2014). As with most of the business strategies, an effective communication when it comes to the workplace it all start with a strong plan (Coombs, 2014). It is important to determine it at the high level where you are now and where you intend to go next as an organization and then confirm that the plan with the stakeholders who are involved in the execution as well as maintaining on this communication strategy (Bovee, 2010). According to Bambu on their recent data report highlight that eighty percent of the workers usually want their employer to keep them updated in regards to the news in the organization and this information could help on their jobs and build relationship with their colleagues (Bovee, 2010). This shows that the business need to start thinking more strategically when it comes to the information which is needed to be served up to the employees, what cadence they should deliver and which method they need to deliver with. Some of the question the things that that the line manager and other management need to ask would be what would the internal communication strategy do to the organization? Which are the areas are working well, and what needs improvement? Which are the communications tools or even platform are available to the organization? Answering on these questions would paint a clearer picture of what the organization intend to do when it comes to the internal communication strategy to accomplishing it (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). These goals serves as the blueprint when it comes to establishing of this strategy, growing and maintaining it over some time. Practical and evidence based oriented approach to effective communication The communication blitz is amongst the proved approach with regards to communicating crucial communications successfully throughout business such as ACMA (Hislop, 2013). The individuals seeking to enhance communication within a business as well as improve on the engagement of the workers might use the utilization of this simple to operate process that should be pointed out depending on its practical oriented and evidence based aspect. In the course of the significant project, especially when the things are changing, there is certainly usually an increase need for the ongoing communication to the workers (Hislop, 2013). When employing a continuous improvement initiative, to communicate useful is important to succeed. Communication blitz provides a proactive approach while relying communications to assist manage any specific change that is within an organization (Chang, 2016). In a company for example ACMA there are several project that are executed which requires a master plan that c ould include major tasks and milestones, along with a well-designed change management plan. The change management plan ought to incorporate an extensive communication plan. It is subset of communication plan that is a number of communications that is delivered face to face from the managers to the staff. Preparation to follow the sequence This method is very easy. The first thing is the fact the senior managers should develop the succinct, short message (Chang, 2016). They after that divide up the front line managers into equal groups. The senior managers subsequently head out into the function parts of supervisors, discusses on this message, seek out open discussion after which look for retention with the managers (Smidts, Pruyn and Van, 2001). This might be carried out individually or perhaps in small groups. The next thing is that the front managers meets with their employees in small groups and deliver the same message. After a particular time frame, around two to four weeks, the leadership group interviews a sample of the hourly workers to find out they might determine they might explain on the message (Smidts, Pruyn and Van 2001). They then develop questions that are precise to the message which is delivered to ensure that there is certainly a regular approach to discussing with the hourly workers. The goal wou ld be to have a minimum of 40 % retention, meaning 40 % of the employees can easily communicate on the message. After achieving 40 % or even a better percent, the subsequent message may be formulated and cycle begin again. This is illustrated from the figure below to show how the process is done. Figure 1: The process of communication cycle. The 40% is the minimum number of individuals who should have a strong understanding on the messages to make sure that the communications is getting through. This could improve on the likelihood of the changes when taking hold. When it comes to scoring of the retention, it is important to develop a matrix for the key questions as well as a list of employees who receive on the messages. Figure 2: The diagram shows a communication matrix It is important to document how well workers are capable of retaining the message. Talking to couple of individual to obtain a gut check is too subjective with regards to making certain that the messages was received well (Shockley-Zalabak, 2014). The utilization of this matrix could assist in ensuring the end result that is preferred has taken place (Den, Boon, Verburg and Croon, 2013). Whenever scoring on retention, there ought to be three levels of response which are expected these are; full recall, a few remember or maybe simply no recall. There are 2 people that are needed when conducting the review, the top site manager in addition to the project leaders. This requires two sessions, which are carrying the clipboard with the questions along with any specific additional information what one would love to leave with each individual that are interviewed (Cummings and Worley, 2014). An illustration, it is possible to analyze how this message continues to be kept and simultaneously c ommunicated back throughout the evaluation. Reviewing the scorecard might reveal the advantages and weaknesses of the outcomes (Samovar, Porter, McDaniel and Roy, 2015). Reviewing of the scores of persons generally reveal the operator has a reduced understanding. Furthermore, review with the other operators have to be carried out to be able to evaluate if it absolutely was one person who forgotten on the content or if perhaps all the operators were missing on the main points (Chang, 2016). The totals across the bottom reveals that talking about how long would this change take? had the lowest score. This was not communicated evidently and it must be repeated. Every round of blitz must have a prudence call in relation to the requirements for the partial or maybe entire message which is to be repeated (Chang, 2016). Consequently, in this instance repeating the information around how long the change take will be important, however the new message in the round two might be new content. Additional considerations It is necessary for one to avoid on the typical error with regards to organizational communications- this really is measuring the success of communication from the sender perspective (Grunig, 2013). In many of time the leaders generally believe that we told them or even that we have communicated this in the meeting or maybe that we delivered the emails and even put the posters with regards to this message (Cummings and Worley, 2014). For most of time people generally believe that the employees got the message simply because they believe in their high confidence in the development of the message and channels which are designed in dispensing them. There are constantly opportunities with regards to improving an effective delivery channel of the message. The effectiveness of communication need to always to be checked through conducting of the in person evaluations with the hourly workers, seek to know how much might be recalled. This may have a multiple optimistic effects (Broadbent, 20 13). The line managers have to be seen in the work areas, the senior managers should be following on the message and also depict on its significance, the employees have to also feel appreciated while they are asked these questions by the top leadership (Men, 2014). The supervisor should also feel valued by having a direct face to face time with the top leaders and the top managers end up understanding things which the workers and the supervisors come across to help them progress better . The cost of performing on the communication blitz is the leadership time. It is substantially more efficient to send an email and at the same time anticipate the staff to get the message (Cummings and Worley, 2014). The most effective technique is at the same time less efficient. Investment in time is really worth the return. How many times has the big change been thrown out with much minimum training and poor communication? When the efficient techniques are used, the outcome scanty are at best. Recommendations To enable ACMA organization employees and managers to communicate effectively the following are some of the recommendations. Assess of the communication level: it is important for the managers to solicit feedback from the employees by asking them how well you communicate with them and if they have ideas when it comes to improving communication (Broadbent, 2013). Something such as one on one weekly meeting with the workers could help open on the communication lines. Communicate directly: it is important for the managers to communicate something significant directly to the employees rather than other channels, to ensure they grasp on the message clearly. An example when the manager is displeased with an action of the employee or want to give a specific direction on how to accomplish a given task, it is important to deliver on the information yourself rather than send via an email or even a telephone call. Requirement of a status report: It is important for the employees to be providing a weekly written status report, so as to enable one what has been achieved during the week and what have been planned for the following week (Broadbent, 2013). This would provide the basis for discussion on the weekly meeting and monitor on the progress of any project that are uncompleted. Training: When it comes to communication, the line managers should never overlook the virtues of training. The improved interactions can be achieved when the team are given relative training. In training there are various courses which are available in improving the communication skills, which is aimed in improving the ability to deliver the message, inform as well as persuade. All the basic are usually covered, which include the verbal, written, the face to face, and giving the presentations. Conclusion ACMA organization has been encountering many issues within the organization, but one of the major issue is communication within the organization. When there is no effective mechanism for communication the employees and management would not work efficiently which could lead to many issue arising in regards to meeting deadline or even accomplishing various tasks. In this report I have provided evidenced based as well as a practical approach the organization could utilize to have an effective communication channel which will enable them to achieve their goals References Austin, E.W. and Pinkleton, B.E., 2015. Strategic public relations management: Planning and managing effective communication campaigns (Vol. 10). Routledge. Bloom, N., Garicano, L., Sadun, R. and Van Reenen, J., 2014. The distinct effects of information technology and communication technology on firm organization. Management Science, 60(12), pp.2859-2885. Broadbent, D.E., 2013. Perception and communication. Elsevier. Bovee, C.L., 2010. Business Communication Today, 10/e. Pearson Education India. Chang, J.F., 2016. Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014. Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Coombs, W.T., 2014. Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Sage Publications. Den Hartog, D.N., Boon, C., Verburg, R.M. and Croon, M.A., 2013. HRM, communication, satisfaction, and perceived performance: A cross-level test. Journal of management, 39(6), pp.1637-1665. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Grunig, J.E. ed., 2013. Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Hislop, D., 2013. Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Men, L.R., 2014. Strategic internal communication: Transformational leadership, communication channels, and employee satisfaction. Management Communication Quarterly, 28(2), pp.264-284. Samovar, L.A., Porter, R.E., McDaniel, E.R. and Roy, C.S., 2015. Communication between cultures. Nelson Education. Shockley-Zalabak, P., 2014. Fundamentals of organizational communication. Pearson. Smidts, A., Pruyn, A.T.H. and Van Riel, C.B., 2001. The impact of employee communication and perceived external prestige on organizational identification. Academy of Management journal, 44(5), pp.1051-1062.

How I want to be Remembered free essay sample

How Do You Want To Be Remembered by the World I would like to be remembered in a lot of ways that I know I will not. I would like to be remembered as a brave,strong,smart young lady ,but I will probably be remembered as the lesbian Satanist who was smart except nobody knew because she never tried. Think of the ways you remember people. You remember them for their bad and their good. What if you had no good , what if you had no bad? Thats impossible everybody has a little bit of both in them people Just dont always remember it. The way you are remembered Is based on how you behaved and what did while you were around. Think of our founding fathers. They had their faults ,but their good out shines the bad. Now think of all the wars weve had. Their were leaders on both sides. We will write a custom essay sample on How I want to be Remembered or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each side rutted for the leader thinking they were good and the other was bad. For the other team is was reversed. This shows how there are two sides to every story and how the opinion changes based on who is telling the story. Some people might remember the good about you,some might only remember the bad about you,some might remember the bad and the good,and some might not remember you at all. You always think of the first Impression you make well what about the last? When youre dying would you like people to come see you or have them not and have their last memory of you be good instead of you dying? Just like would you rather have an open casket or a picture of you displayed at your funeral? Remember that every moment could be your last and to make the most of it. Remember the last things you say to somebody because it might be the last words you ever say to them. Im not saying live your life In fear trying to make every moment good because It could be how people remember you. Im saying to live your life to the fullest,make the most of every moment,mean the words you say,cherish your time with the people important to you,do something worth living for. Sometimes wed rather not be remembered or wed rather not remember somebody. Sometimes no matter how hard you dont want to remember somebody you do because they meant something to you and even though It hurts to think about them you still do. Sometimes you remember the good things and those hurt you because that person Is gone and you cant have those moments again and sometimes you remember the bad moment and they hurt you now because they hurt you them. That person might only be gone temporarily like they are away on a trip or you were a couple and broke up. If you know they are coming back or not the time without them is still lonely and painful. If youre lucky that person might come back Of they arent dead because if they came back then thatd be weird and way know zombie like). If you die you would like to be remembered for all the good things you did not the bad. Some people would be sad if you were gone and some might be happy. You dont want the ones you love to be sad that youre gone ,but you dont exactly want them to be happy about it either. You would like them to mourn you just not be upset that youre gone because you still want them to live their lives happily without you. Things dont always go as planned. Sometimes people leave unexpectedly and dont come back and sometimes people die without warning. Life doesnt follow a plan It goes with the flow and to live life the fullest with the people I love then living it full of regret for things I never did and the things I never said. I actually dont want to be remembered Id rather be forgotten entirely once I die. It is Just easiest that way.

Process Paper on Relaxation

Process Paper on Relaxation Since some people may not know how to or do not have the time to relax in today's busy world, it is important for one to learn at least one technique of relaxation. Once simple technique that comes to my mind is a method a nun has taught her students for many years. Even her students can teach this simple technique.Step one tot his technique is to sit on a comfortable chair with hands flat on a desk or table while having the forefingers and thumbs touching one another. Step two, close your eyes and think. Step three, imagine a room with a door. This is your room. Make it any size, shape or color. You can choose the door to have lock on it or not. With a lock on the door, no one can break into space and you can leave your troubles behind the closed door.English: A hollow door with one face removed.Step four, open the door to view your room. Once it opens, you can decorate the room, as you like, with huge windows overlapping puffy white clouds or at the edge of a cliff overlooking the ocean. Step five, think of the furniture, music and lighting. This is your room so make it the way you would like it to be. Imagine sitting on a big comfortable sofa or chair while listening to soft music or not. Have full light or no light at all in your room. Make this room your paradise where you can get away from all your worries, troubles, and hectic schedules.Finally, sit in your room for at least 10 minutes and think of only happy experiences. Maybe think about when you were a child playing with your family pet or riding your bicycle on a summer day. When you leave this room, you...

Reflective Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflective Reading - Essay Example According to one of the Chinese women, studying in the U.S. is good as it exposes a person to the rest of the world. In addition, staying in America enables one to live freely according her personality (Dongxiao, 2009). The young woman believes that her life is simple in U.S. since the country gives her room to do her things and explore life freely without many restrictions. However, she asserts that life can be very boring and lonely to someone who is not actively participating in social life. Thus, for students who are not very open or sociable, she advises that they should better not consider studying in the United States. According to the Chinese student, being socially active in the U.S. goes a great way in helping a person to know others. As there are many people from many countries of the world, remaining active helps someone to get a touch of different nationalities in the same land. Another Chinese woman asserts that although the educational system in the U.S. is enticing, prospective foreign students need to be Christians (Dongxiao, 2009). She says that without a strong Christian background, people tend to feel lost in the foreign country. A person may lose connections with her native country and end up becoming confused or engage in illicit behaviors. As earlier said, the U.S. learning institutions consist of people from many countries that come to seek quality education. Additionally, living away from home tends to give a student freedom to do what she pleases. Thus, the many cultures clustered together coupled with much freedom, can confuse a person who lacks a strong rooting in her beliefs. The Chinese student believes that Christianity enables a person to find peace in the land of confusion. A person will better handle any inevitable difficulties. According to (Dongxiao, 2009), the advice from the two girls gives a glimpse of their perceptions

Mid Term Paper on Peter Browning and Continental White Cap (A) Article

Mid Term Paper on Peter Browning and Continental White Cap (A) - Article Example As such, the case delineates the issues and hardships that Browning has with meeting each of these requirements and seeking to ensure that he does not take away from the magic that has allowed for this particular branch to experience a degree of success in the path; rather that he can try to maximize this. The reader is ultimately able to come away with an appreciation for how the best practices take shape with regards to the experience that Browning has and the way in which he seeks to elicit stakeholder support. Position: With regards to being for or against the article, it must be stated that this particular student is patently for most of the changes and the particular approach that was delineated. This is due to the fact that the change agent, Browning first sought to engage all of the stakeholders in the process and forge a path forward. This is not always an easy step to make and many agents of change fall into the pit of seeking to instantly begin changes for the sake of chan ge. However, the entire case cannot be considered as a best practice; partially due to the fact that the author references the inability and difficulty that Browning had with regards to managing the friendships that he had. Naturally, it is not the expectation of this author that he should have necessarily been able to turn his back upon the personal friendships and co-operative levels of understanding that he had built so many of the 20 years of his career building. With all of that being said, no single case provides a running tally of best practices for each and every agent of change to follow; however, the case of Browning is at least a starting point by which the student can come to better understand the conflicts and difficulties that are likely to arise. 1. What was Browning's predicament at White Cap? There are a number of predicaments that Browning faced at Whitecap. Arguably, the greatest predicament of all was with regards to the fact that he was tasked with the very diff icult job of improving upon an already productive and profitable section. Whereas many change agents are asked to come in as a means of improving upon a dismal situation and/or turning a branch of a given firm around, Browning was tasked with the even more difficult job of using his skill and expertise as a means of evoking an even higher level of profitability and competitiveness out of the White Cap sector of Continental Group. A secondary issue that he faced was with regards to the culture and the way in which many of the individuals with whom he would need to interact and engage were in fact old friends of his; as a function of the fact that he had working relationships with them at some point over the past 20 years that he had been with Continental Group. As such, seeking the best way forward without damaging an already successful business entity, burning bridges among former colleagues and seeking to maximize the utility of the branch are but a few indicators of the many tight ropes that Browning had to walk. 2. What should his change objective and time frame be? Many agents of change seek to delve right in to a situation without taking the requisite amount of tie in seeking to understand what is broken, what needs fixing, what can be scrapped, and what should be

Alcoholism a Disease or Choice Essay Example for Free

Alcoholism a Disease or Choice Essay As is the case with other addictions, alcoholism is considered a disease by many in the medical community, including the American Medical Association. A drawback to framing alcoholism as a disease is that we tend to think of diseases as something that needs to be diagnosed by a professional, Young said. However, physicians often only meet with patients for a short time and cannot possibility have the same insight into an individuals habits as she herself. 1. Dont miss these Health stories 1. US races to make bird flu vaccine – just in case Less than two weeks after Chinese officials released the genetic sequence of a new type of bird flu, U. S. vaccine experts are well on the way to making a vaccine to protect people against it. 2. 1 in 4 skin cancer survivors skips sunscreen, study finds 3. A few see music all around them (literally) . Bad Picture Monday: Unflattering pics spur movement 5. ADHD diagnosis in kids can spotlight parents own condition I know of addicts who have been able to get a professional to tell them they are not addicted, and then use that as justification to continue their excessive drinking, Young said. The disease model also gives the false impression that alcoholism is solely a biological disorder, Young said, leading some researchers tend to adopt a narrow view, focusing on particular chemicals or brain cells that might be involved. We tend to look at smaller and smaller parts of the human body, and the human mind and the human brain, to find the cause of something, Young said. In doing so, we lose sight of the bigger picture, including social and cultural influences that may play a role in alcoholism development. Factors including who you spend time with, how many liquor stores are near you and your religious affiliation all are linked with how much you drink, Young said. Solutions Young said he prefers to use the word allergy to describe alcoholism. It is less threatening to consider the idea that one ight have an allergy than to consider the idea that one might be permanently diseased, Young said. With alcoholism, theres a dichotomy — you either are [an alcoholic] or yo ure not. And that sort of marks you as an individual — youre either normal or youre deviant. Young said. With allergies, the deviance is much less significant. In addition, drinkers should not feel they have to leave their diagnosis to a physician. People should give weight to their own experiences, including what they perceive their drinking is doing to their lives, Young said. Advertise | AdChoices Advertise | AdChoices Advertise | AdChoices Other experts point out that the problem of disease stigmatization or identity crisis is not unique to alcoholism. It really doesnt matter what illness you have; people have a sense of loss, said Dr. Ihsan Salloum, chief of the Division of Alcohol and Drug abuse at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; who also called the Youngs article more philosophical than scientific. The disease model has helped us understand alcoholism and develop drugs for the condition, Salloum said. However, Salloum agreed there is a need to take into account subjectivity when diagnosing and treating the condition. When somebody is suffering, its not only the organ thats suffering, its the whole person, Salloum said. If doctors want to help patients accept their diagnosis as an alcoholic, they should work to understand how the patient is processing whats happening to him or her, Salloum said. Pass it on: Viewing alcoholism as a disease may create problems in terms of diagnosing, treating and understanding the condition.

We Should Reach out to Muslims Essay -- Islam, Jihad, Terrorism Essays

Do we, the United States, the West, have an argument with Islam? We surely have an argument with a lot of Muslims. The media in Muslim countries are full of anti-Americanism. Furthermore, most Muslim countries practice forms of government completely at odds with the political ideas cherished by Americans. They are despotic and intolerant. Muslim countries seem to conform to the pattern of so-called "shame" cultures, in which the rightness and wrongness of deeds are judged not by some moral compass, but by the reactions of onlookers. And then there is the dreadful antisemitism with which Islam seems to be riddled. From professors of theology at Saudi universities to New York City cab drivers, it sometimes seems you only have to scratch a Muslim to find an antisemite of the vicious, irrational kind that largely disappeared from the Christian world half a century ago. Sophisticated Muslims tell you that this is really just anti-Zionism, a reaction to the indignities suffered by their co-religionists in Palestine. You can believe that if you want to. Muslim anti-Semites say "Zionist" when they're being very careful, but mostly they just say "Jew." Besides, Israel is an ethno-state, a Jewish homeland. To target your feelings precisely against that nation, leaving aside the Jews of other lands (most of whom, in any case, support Israel to some degree) is a job of emotional fine-tuning very few human beings are actually capable of. I am sure there are anti-Zionists who are not anti-Semitic (there is in fact a Judaic se ct, the Neturei Karta, who are anti-Zionist), but I am also sure their numbers are small - among Muslims, I think, vanishingly small. And certainly Muslim anti-Semitism pre-dates the founding of the modern state of Isra... ... Islam (Baltimore, 1955). Ostling, Richard N. "Islam's Idea of Holy War." Time, 11 February 2001, 51. Peters, Rudolph. Islam and Colonialism: The Doctrine of Jihad in Modern History (The Hague, Netherlands: 1979). The Qur'an: The Eternal Revelation vouchsafed to Muhammad, The Seal of the Prophets. Trans. Muhammad Zafrulla Khan. (New York, 2012). Ryan, Patrick J. "The Roots of Muslim Anger: The Religious and Political Background of Worldwide Islamic Militancy Today." America, 26 November 2011, 8. Sivan, Emmanuel. "The Holy War Tradition in Islam." Orbis 42, no. 2 (2011): 171. Streusand, Douglas E. "What Does Jihad Mean?" September 1997. (5 December, 2013). "Text of Alleged Terrorist Fax." CBS News, 24 September 2013. (31 October 2013). Watt, W. Montgomery. Companion to the Qur'an: Based on the Arberry Translation (London, 2007).

Un Kyoto Protocol

What is the Kyoto  Protocol? The  Kyoto Protocol  is an amendment to the  United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change  (UNFCCC), an international treaty intended to bring countries together to reduceglobal warming  and to cope with the effects of temperature increases that are unavoidable after 150 years of industrialization. The provisions of the Kyoto Protocol are legally binding on the ratifying nations, and stronger than those of the UNFCCC.Countries that ratify the Kyoto Protocol agree to reduce emissions of six greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, HFCs and PFCs. The countries are allowed to use emissions trading to meet their obligations if they maintain or increase their greenhouse gas emissions The Kyoto Protocol sets specific emissions reduction targets for each industrialized nation, but excludes developing countries. To meet their targets, most ratifying nations would have to combine several strategies:   * place restrictions on their biggest polluters manage transportation to slow or reduce emissions from automobiles * make better use of renewable energy sources—such as solar power, wind power, and biodiesel—in place of fossil fuels Background The Kyoto Protocol was negotiated in Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997. It was opened for signature on March 16, 1998, and closed a year later. Under terms of the agreement, the Kyoto Protocol would not take effect until 90 days after it was ratified by at least 55 countries involved in the UNFCCC. Another condition was that ratifying countries had to represent at least 55 percent of the world’s total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990.The first condition was met on May 23, 2002, when Iceland became the 55th country to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. When Russia ratified the agreement in November 2004, the second condition was satisfied, and the Kyoto Protocol entered into force on February 16, 2005. As a U. S. presidential candidate, George W. Bush promised to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Shortly after he took office in 2001, however, President Bush withdrew U. S. support for the Kyoto Protocol and refused to submit it to Congress for ratification. Rationale of UNFCCC and the Kyoto ProtocolThe ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.Concluding Remarks While international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol are certainly a step in the right direction in that they raise awareness about the severity of global climate change, they are not a complete solution and will not solve the problem alone. Real results and improvements will be seen when fundamental reductions in energy consumption and changes in lifestyle are achieved on an individual level across the globe. Continue by reading about  What You Can Do  to contribute towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving your lifestyle.The Effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol Kyoto Protocol has several provisions and established mechanisms concerning technology transfer which is supposed to favoring technology transfer for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the world. However, mainly due to the flaws of the provisions and mechanisms, the environmentally sound technologies have not been transferred as smoothly as possible to realize the Kyoto Protocol’s objectives.Therefore, the international community shall take the effectiveness o f Kyoto Protocol as a fresh impetus to consummate the legal system of international technology transfer, that is, developing a uniform technology transfer agreement under the WTO with a focus on promoting environmentally sound technology, which may make the developing countries to acquire the technologies they need under the fair conditions and help them build their capacities to develop in a sustainable manner. China does not need to perform the obligation of reducing GHG emission until 2013 according to Kyoto Protocol, but recautions shall be taken to improve its legal systems on technology transfer to make preparations for implementing the policy of scientific development and playing roles in related international legislation. Impact on Spain of Meeting the Kyoto Commitment in 2008-2012 Impact on Delivered Prices to Households and Industry Meeting the Kyoto Protocol target in 2008-2012 through a combination of domestic actions plus purchases of international credits would increas e the price of home heating oil by more than 32%. Consumers would also pay more for gasoline and diesel.If the Spain participates in the Kyoto Protocol’s economy-wide emission reduction program, prices for industry would rise dramatically. Spanish industries would pay more than 42% more for natural gas and 24% more for electricity than under the baseline projection. Under the assumption that the Kyoto Protocol’s emission targets are made even more stringent in the post-2012 period, the impact on household heating oil prices would rise to more than 43% above the baseline estimate by 2025. Gasoline and diesel prices would rise substantially, between 15-19% by 2025.Impact on Energy Consumption In general, the percentage reduction in energy demand would not need to be as large as the required percentage reduction in carbon emissions because not all Btus of energy have the same carbon content. Additionally, purchase of international CO2 credits means that foreign CO2 reduct ions lessen the need for domestic reductions, thereby avoiding some domestic reductions in energy used. However, use of international credits does have consequences, as companies pass the cost of the international credit onto final consumers of energy via higher prices.Implementation of a limit on carbon dioxide emissions via an international carbon dioxide allowance trading system would result in the following impacts. November 2005 Global Insight, Inc. Page 12 Domestic Sector: The dramatically higher energy prices would force consumers to cut their consumption of energy. Since there is only limited opportunity to substitute more energy efficient appliances and furnaces for the period 2008- 2012, consumers would reduce their consumption of energy services. Longer term, consumers would attempt to replace some of these services by replacing their energy consuming equipment.Industry Sector: Industry would respond to the dramatically higher prices through several mechanisms. First, ind ustry would reduce energy consumption through process change. Second, industry would replace energy-consuming capital with more efficient capital. Third, to the extent possible, production of energy intensive goods would move to non-participating countries. Power Sector: The power sector would be hard hit under these scenarios. The imposition of carbon permits would lead to extremely large increases in the delivered price of electricity, particularly to the industrial sector.Imposition of ever decreasing carbon permit levels would set in motion dramatic changes in this sector. Coal use would decline, slowly at first and then rapidly, as the price drove electricity prices up reducing demand and encouraging the substitution of natural gas or renewables. Investment in natural gas fired generating capacity would alleviate some of the pressure on electricity prices, but with the ever increasing stringency of the target, investment in end-use efficiency would need to be as great or greate r than improvements in power supply efficiency.Transportation Sector: The impact on the transportation sector would be significant. However, due to the high taxes already in place on transportation fuels, the percentage change in price due to the addition of the carbon permit fees is less than the change in price in other sectors. Longer run, the permit price would have to be high enough to reduce energy use in this sector as the target tightens. Even assuming an international carbon dioxide emission allowance trading scheme, meeting the Kyoto targets would result in the following: ? Coal, with the highest carbon content of the energy sources, would be the hardest hit. Petroleum would experience the smallest percentage decline of the fossil fuels because of strong demand and limited technology substitution options in the transportation sector over the forecast horizon. ? Natural gas demand would initially increase relative to the baseline as it is substituted for coal and petroleum but ultimately would need to decline as the cutbacks in demand outweigh this substitution effect. ? The demand for renewables would increase in all the cases. ? For this analysis, it was assumed that nuclear and hydroelectric energy would not change.Economic Impacts Output and employment losses would be expected under the Kyoto Protocol because: energy-using equipment and vehicles would be made prematurely obsolete; consumers would be rattled by rapid increases in living costs; and financial ministers would most likely need to target more slack in the economy to deflate non-energy prices and thus stabilize the overall price environment. The analysis assumes that the cost of emission allowances would be passed along to consumers in the form of higher energy prices and ultimately high prices for all goods and services.Consumers’ purchasing power would be reduced by the higher cost of using energy, reducing real disposable income. Consumption and residential fixed investment wou ld be the hardest hit components of real GDP because of the direct loss in real disposable income. The short period to phase in the permit prices (2005-2008) would lead to substantial declines in real consumption from Base Case levels in the 2008-12 period. Imports would strengthen relative to Base Case levels, spurred by the competitive price advantage of non-participating Annex B countries, and non-Annex B countries. Real GDP would fall 3. % (26 billion Euros) on average below Base Case levels during the 2008-12 budget period, and 4. 3% (48 billion Euros) below in 2025 under Case 1 and 5. 6% (63 billion Euros) below under Case 2. The economy’s potential to produce would fall below Base Case levels initially with the cut back in energy usage, since energy is a key factor of production. Stronger investment would be required over the longer-term to build capital as a substitute for this lost factor. The decline in consumption and residential fixed investment relative to Base C ase levels, however, would have a depressing impact on business fixed investment in the near-term.Annual employment losses are projected to be 611,000 jobs in 2010 in the Spain The percentage reduction in employment relative to Base Case levels would be less than the drop in output. This is due to an increase in the labor-to-output ratio (or a decline in labor productivity) attributed to the permit program. Labor productivity would decline because the other factors of production would be less efficient. Only as investment grows and the capital stock is expanded would productivity begin to improve.Post 2012, if the target emission level under the Kyoto Protocol is maintained, the impact on economic performance would begin to lessen. The extreme change in the energy prices experienced during the years between 2008 and 2012 would not be repeated. While the percentage change in prices relative to the baseline would increase somewhat, the year-over-year change in prices would be reduced. However, achieving even more aggressive targets would take ever larger carbon fees, and would continue to take a significant toll on economic performance. http://www. studymode. com/essays/The-Kyoto-Protocol-Business-Ethics-202293. html

Childhood Obesity A Major Public Health Epidemic Essay

Childhood obesity is a major public health epidemic which has significantly risen over the past three decades and there is no chance in sight of slowing it down unless real action is taken. This major health crisis continues to reduce individuals’ quality of life and has caused severe health problem like heart disease which is the leading cause of death in the United States and around the world. In most cases, obese children grow up to be an obese adult. The prevalence of childhood obesity can be addressed through education initiatives such as school prevention programs because children spent a majority of their time outside of the home at school, therefore school provides a great opportunity to educate and improve a child’s health at an ideal point before the problem gets worst. My paper will focus on childhood obesity prevention in Hill Top Middle school Lodi, New Jersey. 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